Diploma in Optometry

Semester I – Basic Sciences & Vision Testing

1. Human Eye Anatomy & Physiology

• Structure and function of the eye

• Visual pathways and ocular muscles

• Lacrimal system, eyelids, and conjunctiva

2. Introduction to Optometry

• Scope and role of an optometrist

• Common eye diseases and disorders

• Ethics and professionalism in optometry

3. Visual Optics

• Light and its interaction with the eye

• Optical principles of vision correction

• Refractive errors: myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia

4. Vision Screening Techniques

• Eye chart usage (Snellen, LogMAR)

• Near and distant vision testing

• Use of retinoscope and autorefractometer

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Semester II – Clinical Skills & Optical Dispensing

5. Diagnosis of Visual Problems

• Binocular vision testing

• Detection of strabismus and amblyopia

• Color vision testing and field of vision analysis

6. Optical Dispensing & Spectacle Fitting

• Types of ophthalmic lenses and frames

• Prescription interpretation

• Fitting, adjustment, and repair of spectacles

7. Contact Lens & Low Vision Aids

• Types of contact lenses and their applications

• Fitting techniques and aftercare

• Introduction to low vision devices and patient handling

8. Orthoptics & Vision Therapy

• Eye muscle exercises

• Vision training for binocular anomalies

• Exercises for eye coordination and visual fatigue

9. Counseling and Patient Care

• Counseling techniques for patients with partial sight, low vision, and hereditary eye conditions

• Educating patients on eye hygiene, usage of lenses, and lifestyle modification

• Communication and documentation protocols